Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) - Greenland (2004)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) z Greenland (2004)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)	Greenland (2004)

Administrative divisions	-	3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland) note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 25.5% (male 7,344; female 7,029) 15-64 years: 68.5% (male 20,894; female 17,715) 65 years and over: 6% (male 1,585; female 1,817) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish
Airports	none	14 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands	total: 2,166,086 sq km land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	slightly more than three times the size of Texas
Background	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island.	The world's largest island, Greenland is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the European Union) with Denmark in 1973 but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute over stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament. The law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs.
Birth rate	-	15.96 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $291,777 expenditures: $451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)	revenues: $646 million expenditures: $629 million, including capital expenditures of $85 million (1999)
Capital	-	Nuuk (Godthab)
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
Coastline	NA km	44,087 km
Constitution	adopted 3 October 1985	5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Currency	-	Danish krone (DKK) is the official legal tender.
Death rate	-	7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	-	$25 million (1999)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town	part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina	uncontested dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland
Economic aid - recipient	-	$380 million subsidy from Denmark (1997)
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK.	The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and substantial support from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Despite several interesting hydrocarbon and minerals exploration activities, it will take several years before production can materialize. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	227.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	245 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m
Environment - current issues	NA	protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting
Ethnic groups	-	Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (January 2000)
Exchange rates	-	Danish kroner per US dollar - 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002), 8.323 (2001), 8.083 (2000), 6.976 (1999)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Peter LAURITEEN (since NA 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002) cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the Parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by Parliament (usually the leader of the majority party); election last held 3 December 2002 (next to be held December 2006) election results: Hans ENOKSEN elected prime minister note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit
Exports	-	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)
Exports - partners	-	Denmark 64.7%, Japan 14.2%, China 4.4% (2003)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of the UK is used	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $1.1 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $20,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	1.8% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	72 00 N, 40 00 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia	dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap
Highways	-	total: NA (there are no roads between towns) (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	-	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products
Imports - partners	-	Denmark 82.6%, Norway 7.5%, Sweden 3.5% (2003)
Independence	-	none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	-	fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut), handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards, mining
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 16.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.6% (1999 est.)
International organization participation	-	NC, NIB, UPU
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1993)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)
Labor force	-	24,500 (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	-	Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	Danish
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 3 December 2002 (next to be held by NA December 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 28.7%, Inuit Ataqatigiit 25.5%, Atassut Party 20.4%, Demokratiit 15.6%, Katusseqatigiit 5.3%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Inuit Ataqatigiit 8, Atassut 7, Demokratiit 5, Katusseqatigiit 1 note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 20 November 2001 (next to be held 8 February 2005); percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 69.32 years male: 65.75 years female: 72.98 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA note: similar to Denmark proper
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada
Map references	Antarctic Region	Arctic Region
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 3 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine	-	total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,593 GRT/3,640 DWT by type: cargo 2, passenger 1 foreign-owned: Denmark 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of Denmark
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	June 21 (longest day)
Nationality	-	noun: Greenlander(s) adjective: Greenlandic
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
Natural resources	fish	coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, gold, platinum, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate	-	-8.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Atassut Party (Solidarity, a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark) [Augusta SALLING]; Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood, a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule) [Josef MOTZFELDT]; Issituup (Polar Party) [Nicolai HEINRICH]; Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List, an independent right-of-center party with no official platform [leader NA]; Siumut (Forward Party, a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark) [Hans ENOKSEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)	56,384 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA
Population growth rate	-	-0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grytviken	Aasiaat (Egedesminde), Ilulissat (Jakobshavn), Kangerlussuaq, Nanortalik, Narsarsuaq, Nuuk (Godthab), Qaqortoq (Julianehab), Sisimiut (Holsteinsborg), Tasiilaq
Radio broadcast stations	none	AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	-	Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.18 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995 domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	26,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	16,747 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	1 publicly-owned station, some local low-power stations, and three AFRTS (US Air Force) stations (1997)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
Total fertility rate	-	2.42 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	10% (2000 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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